peregocetus pacificus

Eventually, some of this life became part of the clade Laurasiatheria, from which a common ancestor gave rise to giraffes, zebras, hippopotamuses, and — although it seems peculiar — whales. Researchers have since placed the species in the middle Eocene by dating the sediment in which the fossils were found. The creature has been named Peregocetus pacificus, which means "the traveling whale that reached the Pacific." Some geologists of the 19th century assumed they had the story of Earth’s history mostly sewn up. Besides the four legs themselves, the location of the animal’s hip bones likewise pointed toward a land-specific gait it had developed over time. CMI has offices in Australia, Canada, Singapore, New Zealand, United Kingdom, South Africa and United States of America. Peregocetus represents the most complete quadrupedal whale skeleton outside India and Pakistan, and the first known from the Pacific region and the Southern Hemisphere. Objective reality may not exist, European researchers say. In the Middle Eocene era . A new experiment shows that two observers can experience divergent realities (if they go subatomic). (K1 and K2) Left ulna in medial (K1) and anterior (K2) view. That mission has never been more important than it is today. With long fingers and toes, and relatively slender limbs, moving around on land may not have been easy. Instead, it’s elongated snout and sharp teeth enabled it to prey on relatively large creatures, likely bony fish. Jonathan Geisler, an expert on the evolutionary history of mammals at the New York Institute of Technology, who was not involved in the research, told Newsweek the discovery of an archaic whale in Peru was surprising. She has undergraduate degrees in biology and English from Trinity University and a master’s degree in science writing from Johns Hopkins University. “The presence of small hooves at the tip of the whale’s fingers and toes and its hip and limbs morphology all suggest that this whale could walk on land,” Dr. Lambert and co-authors explained. To update your cookie settings, please visit the. Animals stayed in the oceans for at least 600 million years. "Outside India and Pakistan, skeletons of early quadrupedal whales are generally not as complete, making the comparison more difficult. It was analyzed by Dr. Olivier Lambert of the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences and his colleagues from Italy, France and Peru. Paleogeography, paleobiogeography and the history of circulation in the Atlantic Ocean. [3][4] From its caudal vertebrae, it has been suggested that it might have possessed a flattened tail similar to a beaver. Version 3.51. http://www.mesquiteproject.org. A new genus and species of Eocene protocetid archaeocete whale (Mammalia, Cetacea) from the Atlantic Coastal Plain. The whale certainly adds to our understanding of how and when cetaceans took to the seas, but the most powerful fact of all is simply that such an unusual and unexpected creature existed. The strata of Europe were assumed to be well-mapped, the fossil record adequately sampled, whatever was found on their home turf to be much the same elsewhere in the world. This new find, Peregocetus, was certainly four-legged, and could stand and walk on land, but it was equally certainly not a whale. A version of this article appears in the May 11, 2019 issue of Science News. “We have known for a while that four-legged whales had made it to North America, but this is the first reliable record from South America and thus also the first from the southern hemisphere,” said Marx. “This is the first indisputable record of a quadrupedal whale skeleton for the whole Pacific Ocean, probably the oldest for the Americas, and the most complete outside India and Pakistan,” lead author Olivier Lambert, a paleontologists at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, said in a statement. Named Peregocetus pacificus, which means "the travelling whale that reached the Pacific" in Latin, this recent finding is upending scientists' understanding of how these creatures evolved and spread around the world millions of years ago. Questions or comments on this article? But worse for the evolutionists is the ‘dating’. An ancient four-legged whale walked across land on hooved toes and swam in the sea like an otter. Międzynarodowy zespół paleontologów z Peru, Francji, Włoch, Holandii i Belgii wydobył skamielinę w 2011 roku. 2019, Received: But Darwin, following the lead of his mentor Charles Lyell, pointed out that this was ridiculous. “We will keep searching in localities with layers as ancient, and even more ancient, than the ones of Playa Media Luna, so older amphibious cetaceans may be discovered in the future,” said Lambert. The head is marked by a well-defined fovea capitis femoris for the insertion of the round ligament, as in. The spherical femoral head is lower proximally than the robust greater trochanter. But its anatomy suggests an even more interesting life for this species, and it has to do with the species’ name, “Peregocetus pacificus,” which means “the traveling whale that reached the Pacific Ocean.” This is for good reason: P. pacificus got around. It is more energy-efficient and environmentally friendly. But for example in Georgiacetus, from the U.S., the hip was not as tightly attached to the sacrum, meaning that this animal faced more difficulties to move on land.". [1], Peregocetus was essentially a four-legged whale: however, it had webbed feet with small hooves on the tips of its toes, making it more capable of moving on land than modern seals. Even though every living species of cetacean – from the immense blue whale to the river dolphins of the Amazon basin – is entirely aquatic, there were times when the word “whale” applied entirely to amphibious, crocodile-like beasts that splashed around at the water’s edge. Subscribers, enter your e-mail address for full access to the Science News archives and digital editions. ; C.D.C. Labradors are the dumbest, The base of the iceberg: It’s big and teeming with life. I simply can’t wait to see what turns up next. Additionally, this discovery, published in the journal Current Biology, makes it clear that ancient whales originally called South America — not North America — their first home in the Western Hemisphere. (C1 and C2) Left scapula in lateral (C1) and medial (C2) view. (See also Whale evolution?) © 2023 Citizen Digital. Peregocetus Pacificus Today's Modern Day Whale Major group of sea animals are Cetaceans Artiodactyls This is the creature that is believed to be the ancient ancestor of whales © Society for Science & the Public 2000–2023. MB), Help with All rights reserved. This finding helps confirm that modern whales once walked on land alongside other ungulates, such as ancient camels and deer. Dubbed Peregocetus pacificus, the newly-described species was adapted to life both in and out of the water. discovered the specimen MUSM 3580; C.d.M., G.B., M.U., O.L., and R.S.-G. took part to the excavation of the skeleton; C.D.C. For instance, features of the caudal vertebrae (in the tail) are reminiscent of those of beavers and otters, suggesting a significant contribution of the tail during swimming. It was analyzed by Dr. Olivier Lambert of the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences and his colleagues from Italy, France and Peru. Get counterintuitive, surprising, and impactful stories delivered to your inbox every Thursday. Schematic drawings of the articulated skeleton of MUSM 3580 showing the main preserved bones, in a hypothetical swimming and terrestrial posture. (L1 and L2) Left radius in posterior (L1) and lateral (L2) view. Its remarkably well-preserved remains were found in 2011 at a site called Playa Media Luna, where paleontologists recovered most of its skeleton, including its jaw, front and hind legs, bits of spine, and tail. Peregocetus is a genus of early whale that lived in what is now Peru during the Middle Eocene epoch. Whales used to live on land. MB), Help with (D) Thoracic vertebra in left lateral view. Peregocetus pacificus était en effet un animal à quatre pattes semi-aquatique. Fossil evidence has established that modern dolphins and whales derived from small, four-limbed, hoofed animals that lived in South Asia during the Eocene around 50 million years ago. Current BiologyAn illustration depicting the distribution of Protocetid whales during the Middle Eocene. The research was published online in the journal Current Biology. From here, amphibious whales could have moved north and eventually reached North America. tetrapod footprints millions of years older than all the supposed intermediates, footprints in general are often found in rocks ‘millions of years’ older than any animal that could have made them. Enligt utredningen så ska åtta personer ingått i en liga som smugglat in fyra vargar från Ryssland som man sedan låtit para . In fact, over the past four decades, paleontologists have uncovered a vast array of early whales that together document how a phylogenetic spray of early amphibious species became at home in the water and set up the evolution of today’s porpoises and humpbacks. The first, Lambert and colleagues point out, is where Peregocetus was found. Even the article we are directing you to could, in principle, change without notice on sites we do not control. Scientists have unearthed fossils in a coastal desert of southern Peru of a four-legged whale that thrived both in the sea and on land about 43 million years ago in a discovery that illuminates a pivotal stage in early cetacean evolution. Various fossils have shown that whales evolved a bit more than 50 million years ago in Pakistan and India from hoofed, land-dwelling mammals distantly related to hippos and about the size of a medium-sized dog. For Erich Fitzgerald, the senior curator of vertebrate paleontology at Museums Victoria in Melbourne, these revelations are colossal. Proceedings of the Second Planktonic Conference. “Some vertebrae of the tail region share strong similarities with semi-aquatic mammals like otters, indicating the tail was predominantly used for underwater locomotion,” Lambert added. The four-legged whales likely reached South America by crossing the south Atlantic ocean from the western coast of Africa, according to the researchers. In terms of its aquatic capabilities, the size of the fingers and feet indicated that this animal’s appendages were most likely webbed. Biostratigraphy, geochronology and sedimentation rates of the upper Miocene Pisco Formation at two important marine vertebrate fossil-bearing sites of southern Peru. The team believes Peregocetus got to Peru by swimming across the South Atlantic—the distance of this would have been half what it is today because of the movements of the continents. Share Remembering Peregocetus pacificus — modern whales’ otter-like ancestor on Facebook, Share Remembering Peregocetus pacificus — modern whales’ otter-like ancestor on Twitter, Share Remembering Peregocetus pacificus — modern whales’ otter-like ancestor on LinkedIn. Nadali mu nazwę Peregocetus pacificus, co oznacza „wieloryb wędrowny, który dotarł do Pacyfiku". P. pacificus Lambert et al., 2019 Peregocetus is a genus of early whale that lived in what is now Peru during the Middle Eocene epoch . [1] [2] Its fossil was uncovered in 2011 in the Yumaque Formation of the Pisco Basin at Playa Media Luna by a team consisting of members from Belgium , Peru , France , Italy , and the Netherlands . Unlike those comparable animals, however, this particular whale was rather large — measuring in at around 13 feet long. Its four limbs were capable of bearing its weight on land, meaning Peregocetus could return to the rocky coast to rest and perhaps give birth while . Avsikten med detta var att skapa hybrider som man sedan planerade att sälja. Invest in quality science journalism by donating today. xlsx files, Reuse portions or extracts from the article in other works, Redistribute or republish the final article. A new protocetid whale (Cetacea: Archaeoceti) from the late middle Eocene of South Carolina. Check your email! The animals would’ve been assisted by westward surface currents, and the distance between Africa and South America was about half of what it is today, making the trek manageable. (S and T) Left (S) and right (T) astragali in anterior view. Its skeleton was discovered in marine sediments at Playa Media Luna on the southern coast of Peru. It was remarkable, from an evolutionary point of view, that such a fossil could be found so far away from its closest relatives. MB), Help with Peregocetus is a extinct species of primitive whale was located in South America. Named Peregocetus pacificus, the four-legged whale lived approximately 43 million years ago (middle Eocene epoch).. Its skeleton was discovered in marine sediments at Playa Media Luna on the southern coast of Peru. The newly discovered species turned up in 2011 in a cache of fossilized bones in Playa Media Luna, a dry coastal area of Peru. Yet conspicuous expansions to the tailbones of Peregocetus are reminiscent of living mammals, such as otters, that swim with an up-and-down, undulating motion. [1] [2] Its fossil was uncovered in 2011 in the Yumaque Formation of the Pisco Basin at Playa Media Luna by a team consisting of members from Belgium, Peru, France, Italy, and the Netherlands. Details of its discovery have now been reported in the journal Current Biology. E.g. Found amidst 42.6-million-year-old marine sediments along the coast of Peru, the ancient creature, named Peregocetus pacificus, rewrites the history of what is known about ancient cetaceans. Travis Park, from the Natural History Museum in the U.K., said the paper helps fill gaps in our understanding of how whales came to dominate the oceans. Peregocetus had four legs, with small hooves of the tips of its fingers and toes. Alberto GennariThe four-legged whale crossed the Atlantic and reached South America about 42.6 million years ago. Olivier Lambert, a scientist at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences and lead author of the study, noted that Peregocetus "fills in a crucial [knowledge] gap" about the evolution of whales and their spread. Privacy Policy. This was a whale that still had arms and legs, the firm attachment of the hips to the spine and flattened toe-tips indicating that Peregocetus was an amphibious creature capable of strutting along the beach. This fact never ceases to amaze me. Around 42 million years ago, and still land-worthy, the newly discovered Peregocetus pacificus set off on an epic journey to the other side of the world. Finds such as Peregocetus, as well as the related Georgiacetus from North America, indicate that walking whales were capable of crossing entire oceans. Dating of the marine sediment within which the fossil was found places Peregocetus to the middle Eocene. We may earn a commission from links on this page. and G.B. “We have known for a while that four-legged whales had made it to North America, but this is the first reliable record from South America and thus also the first from the Southern Hemisphere,” said Felix Marx, a paleontologist from the University of Liège in Belgium. Olivier Lambert, co-author of the study, confirmed the unique nature of this fascinating discovery for Science Daily: "This is the first indisputable record of a quadrupedal whale skeleton for the whole Pacific Ocean, probably the oldest for the Americas, and the most complete outside India . pdf files, Download .zip (.01 "En los próximos meses empezará una investigación minuciosa justamente de . A staff writer for All That’s Interesting, Marco Margaritoff has also published work at outlets including People, VICE, and Complex, covering everything from film to finance to technology. Hylogenetic relationships of Peregocetus pacificus. Character-Taxon Matrix for Our Phylogenetic Analysis, Related to STAR Methods, Data S2. Stippled lines indicate reconstructed parts and missing sections of the vertebral column; cranium, cervical vertebrae, and ribs based on. But Peregocetus was represented by a fair number of bones, as shown above. Though its jaws and beak seem custom-made... Angie Tilker, a Page local wilderness guide... Meltwater pulses (MWPs) known as abrupt sea-... A new fossil discovery in the Gobi Desert of... Jurassic Park was 65-million years in the making. But this was actually a wise move, and it anticipated discoveries just like Peregocetus. In 1859, as we well know, Darwin made his grand argument for dramatic biological transformation in On the Origin of Species. O estudo com os restos mortais do mamífero, chamado de Peregocetus pacificus,foram publicados nesta semana no journal Current Biology. Not only would westward currents have given them a boost, but both continents were only around half as far apart back then as they are today. At the earliest, life exited the oceans and adapted to life on land about 500 million years ago, though estimates vary. April 5, 2019. long) that explore the biblical and scientific truths of the Bible’s opening chapters. By submitting your comment you are agreeing to receive email updates from. Peregocetus pacificus – as named by a seven-strong paleontologist team led by Olivier Lambert – is a roughly 42m-year-old mammal that was excavated from the bed of an ancient ocean now preserved in Peru. Peregocetus pacificus - Revampization 2021. Is winter as miserable for animals as it is for us? And more bones followed. Origin of whales from early artiodactyls: hands and feet of Eocene Protocetidae from Pakistan. [. Alternative to canned air, compressed air can be recharged and used repeatedly. This is one reason why evolutionary agitprop needs to keep claiming to have ‘found the missing link’, apparently hoping that we forget that they have said that before. E-mail us at feedback@sciencenews.org. Artist impression of Peregocetus pacificus. La especie fue llamada Peregocetus pacificus, un término que viene del latín pereger (viajero) y cetus (ballena). "It's also another example of the fantastic fossils that continue to be found in Peru, where there seems to be no end to the new discoveries," he told Newsweek. Biozonation and biochronology of Paleogene calcareous nannofossils from low and middle latitudes. While this find would be stunning enough in and of itself, this particular whale had one astoundingly distinct characteristic: four legs likely used to walk on land. Around 42 million years ago, and still land-worthy, the newly discovered Peregocetus pacificus set off on an epic journey to the other side of the world. The p3 is the longest lower tooth, and it bears a distal cusp much smaller than on p4, where the cusp approximates the size of the large hypoconid on m1–m3. Walking whales, nested hierarchies, and chimeras: do they exist? Over time, species like P. pacificus found it better in the oceans. In the end, it seems as though the scientific community as a whole is both fascinated to see reliable South American records for this species and eager to see what revelations regarding whale evolution are lying in wait. La forme de ses membres, dont les doigts se terminent par de petits sabots, et de sa hanche, suggère qu'il pouvait . undertook the biostratigraphical analyses; O.L. Never mind that almost no one looking at such a creature would ever call . Crabs have evolved five separate times – why do the same forms keep coming back? It’s the first of its kind to be found on the continent, and from the Pacific side, at that. (J1 and J2) Right humerus in anterior (J1) and lateral (J2) view. (B) Detail of the posterior lower cheek in lateral view. Named Peregocetus pacificus, the four-legged whale lived approximately 43 million years ago (middle Eocene Epoch). Your support enables us to keep our content free and accessible to the next generation of scientists and engineers. Jawbones and teeth pegged it as an ancient cetacean, a member of the whale family. Data S1. Lowest part of the Yumaque Member, 1.95 m above the base; upper part of calcareous nannofossil Zone CNE13 of Agnini et al. Current Biology. Paleogeography of the South Atlantic: a route for primates and rodents into the New World?. February 21, Peregocetus は、現在のに生息していた初期のクジラの属です。 6>ペルー 中期始新世 エポック中。 その化石は2011年にピスコ盆地のメンバーで構成されるチームによって発見されました。 ベルギー、ペルー、フランス、イタリア、オランダ。 回収された部品には、顎、前部、 Royal Belgian Institute of . "Were they restricted to coastal waters, or could they cross ocean basins? It had a large tail similar to what is seen today in otters and beavers, as well as webbed appendages. Distribution of Protocetid Whales during the Middle Eocene. ©2023 Creation Ministries International. He was also a eugenicist — but at least he could draw pretty pictures. © Copyright 2007-2023 & BIG THINK, BIG THINK PLUS, SMARTER FASTER trademarks owned by Freethink Media, Inc. All rights reserved. G. Bianucci/Current BiologyAll the fossilized bones unearthed at Playa Media Luna. How to say Peregocetus Pacificus in English? An ocean journey. the original claims of Pakicetus (‘Whale from Pakistan’) as an aquatic whale ancestor were based on skull fragments only. We see the same problem with the other most-touted evolutionary transition series, dinosaur-to-bird and fish-to-tetrapod. A description of new species of zeuglodont and of leathery turtle from the Eocene of southern Nigeria. wrote the manuscript with input from all authors. Unlike the passive giants we’re familiar with, P. pacificus didn’t leisurely filter krill through baleen. Several hypotheses have been proposed for the dispersal of protocetids to the New World: across the North Atlantic, along the coasts of Europe and the southern coast of Greenland, or via the west African coastline southward and then across South Atlantic [. Furthermore, Peregocetus doesn’t seem to have ‘advanced’ beyond Ambulocetus, supposedly 6 million years older, i.e. Instead, in the fourth edition of Origin, published in 1866, Darwin wrote that an organism with striking transitional features highlighted how much was left to find. Ancient, four-legged whales like these are believed to have reached South America by crossing the Atlantic Ocean’s southern half from the Western coast of Africa. BY LAND AND BY SEA The newly described Peregocetus pacificus (illustrated) had feet optimized for swimming and walking — though its long toes might not have made the animal a great runner. Helen Thompson is the associate digital editor. Phylogenetic analysis using parsimony (and other methods). “What is certain is that there are many more cetacean surprises waiting to be uncovered in the southern hemisphere.”, We may earn a commission from links on this page. Peregocetus shows that the first whales to reach the Americas still retained the ability to move on land. Providing your postcode enables us to let you know when a speaking event is in your area. When you think of whales, you probably imagine huge and glorious animals at sea. Its feet even had hooves, so it could walk on land. [3], Peregocetus is the first recorded quadrupedal whale from the Pacific Ocean and the Southern Hemisphere. Peregocetus pacificus - as named by a seven-strong paleontologist team led by Olivier Lambert - is a roughly 42m-year-old mammal that was excavated from the bed of an ancient ocean now . In the Middle Eocene era (roughly 48 to . Fossilized Four-Legged Whale Species That Lived 40 Million Years Ago Discovered In Peru. (2018). Over time, cetacean front limbs evolved into flippers. Top Facts You Don’t Know! From there, P. pacificus probably hugged the South America coastline, traveling north, crossing over Central America (which was underwater during this period, the Middle Eocene), and then moving south again along the South American coast. O. Lambert et al. Trying to arrange a convincing series of transitional forms out of such incomplete evidence would have only set Darwin up to be contradicted as explorations continued. Transitions from drag-based to lift-based propulsion in mammalian swimming. What business does this new species have sharing features with fossils found a continent away? “It has really intriguing implications for our understanding of the evolution of whales. This fact never ceases to amaze me. Clearly whales were eminently seaworthy long before they became more streamlined and lost their hindlimbs. Sequence stratigraphy and paleontology of the Upper Miocene Pisco Formation along the western side of the lower Ica Valley (Ica Desert, Peru). Both . The find raises questions about the evolution of cetaceans—the group that includes whales and dolphins. A . An illustration depicting the distribution of Protocetid whales during the Middle Eocene. First, their ancient ancestors inhabited the oceans, like all life on Earth did. It took millions of years for them to spread around the world. Big, possibly webbed feet and long toes would have allowed P. pacificus to dog-paddle or swim freestyle. The San Nicolás Batholith: early Palaeozoic continental arc or continental rift magmatism?. Please enter a term before submitting your search. “What is certain is that there are many more cetacean surprises waiting to be uncovered in the southern hemisphere.”. We have supplied this link to an article on an external website in good faith. Skeletons of terrestrial cetaceans and the relationship of whales to artiodactyls. Finally, the size of its fingers and feet suggests webbed appendages, according to the researchers. New specimens of Protocetidae (Mammalia, Cetacea) from New Jersey and South Carolina. The circular dot on the right represents the suspected origin, while the star on the left represents the site where P. pacificus was found. Cenozoic marine sedimentation in the Sechura and Pisco basins, Peru. Selected Measurements for the Skeleton of Peregocetus pacificus gen. et sp. The distal carina of p2 is distinctly concave in lateral view. Passing chunks of ice can fertilize ocean waters and play a role in the planet’s carbon cycle. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2019.02.050, D.O. nov. is a new protocetid cetacean. It’s nice that evolution is so flexible in that it can explain such vastly different rates, although we know of no difference in mutation rates or selective pressures. Correspondent. You will then receive an email that contains a secure link for resetting your password, If the address matches a valid account an email will be sent to __email__ with instructions for resetting your password. The scientific community had previously established that these animals made it to North America 41.2 million years ago. What Dinosaur Has 500 Teeth? According to Gizmodo, the discovery of this new Peregocetus pacificus species has shed new light on the evolution of these seafaring mammals. zip files, Download .xlsx (.01 All the fossilized bones unearthed at Playa Media Luna. (U1 and U2) Right calcaneum in medial (U1) and anterior (U2) view. A new middle Eocene protocetid whale (Mammalia: Cetacea: Archaeoceti) and associated biota from Georgia. This early whale wasn’t discovered in ancient Asia, like many others, but in South America. “We think that it was feeding in the water, and that its underwater locomotion was easier than that on land,” said Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences paleontologist Olivier Lambert, who led the research published in the journal Current Biology. "The leg and foot anatomy is similar to that seen in older whales from Pakistan, so this discovery raises important questions about the routes early whales took to disperse around the globe as well as how effective they were moving through the water," Geisler said. Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. except certain content provided by third parties. Estrada A. Bicca-Marques J.C.B. If you don't remember your password, you can reset it by entering your email address and clicking the Reset Password button. Brigit Katz. This was an Eocene preview of the way modern whales move, different from the side-to-side swish of most fish. The fossil specimen analyzed in this work (MUSM 3580) was discovered and excavated during a fieldwork campaign in the Pisco Basin (locality Playa Media Luna) in November 2011. Jurassic World 3 Director On Why He Brought Back The Original Jurassic Park Stars, 99-Million-Year-Old, Unknown Millipede Found Trapped in Burmese Amber, Russia Is Planning To Open A Real Life 'Jurassic Park' Really, Really Soon, Triassic Volcanic Eruptions Helped Dinosaurs Take Over Earth. and O.L. A new species of ancient whale ancestor has been identified from a fossilized skeleton found in Peru. Other ancient whales, he added, were generally more similar to those found in Pakistan—but did not tend to have an otter-like tail. Mesquite: a modular system for evolutionary analysis. Playa Media Luna, southern part of Pisco Basin, southern coast of Peru, 14° 36’ 14.7’’ S, 75° 54’ 48.5′’ W (. . The two continents during P. pacificus‘s day were more than two times closer than their modern distance, and the current would have helped them move westward. Thirty-four samples for micropaleontological analyses were collected from this outcrop section during the 2015 fieldwork campaign and their stratigraphic position with respect to that of the protocetid specimen described in this study is shown in. The species’ Latin name essentially denotes it was a “traveling whale that reached the Pacific.” Scientists were stunned to find shockingly well-preserved remains — including its jaw, front and hind legs, part of the spine, and tail — on Peru’s Playa Media Luna coast in 2011. (A) Left mandible in lateral view, together with corresponding detached anterior teeth. They grew to enormous sizes, lost their teeth, and replaced them with baleen. Peregocetus pacificus was unearthed in marine sediments on the coast of Peru. “This is the first indisputable record of a quadrupedal whale skeleton for the whole Pacific Ocean, probably the oldest for the Americas, and the most complete outside India and Pakistan,” explained lead author Olivier Lambert, a paleontologist at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences. P. pacificus Lambert et al., 2019 ( type) Peregocetus is a genus of early whale that lived in what is now Peru during the Middle Eocene epoch. (G. Bianucci / Cell Press/Fair Use ) With the help of microfossils, the sediment layers where the skeleton was positioned were precisely dated to the middle Eocene, 42.6 million years ago.

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